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Ambedkar Jayanthi is the birth anniversary of Dr B. R. Ambedkar. It is celebrated across the country on 14th April every year. Dr B. R. Ambedkar is a great Philosopher, politician, social reformer, jurist, writer, lawyer, historian, freedom fighter and anthropologist. He is the architect of the Indian Constitution.
He was the first person to become a lawyer from a backward class. He was the first law minister of India after independence. He gave India's biggest asset 'Indian Constitution' which helps our country to become a successful democratic country. He served as the chairman of the Constitution drafting committee for two and a half years. He contributed enormously to this committee with various policies and gave every representative in that committee an equal opportunity to express their views.
He was a great scholar who paved a path for the uplifting of crores of lower caste people. He opposed the caste system in the society even before independence.
Ambedkar was born on 14th April 1891 at Mhow (in Madhya Pradesh). Bhimabai was his mother and Ramji Maloji was his father. He was the last child to his parents. Babasaheb Bhimrao Ramji Ambedkar was his original name. He was born in a Dalit family. He married Ramabai at the age of 14.
He is brilliant from the childhood. He was interested in studies. He completed his schooling from a school near his village. Due to his lower cast birth, he suffered every moment in his life. But Ambedkar continued his education. He completed his intermediate with good percentage and joined Alfinston College, Bombay to obtain a degree. Maharaja of Baroda was impressed with his talent and awarded him Scholarship for further studies. He got a postgraduate degree in Economics in 1916. Then he worked as a professor for four years. After that, he went to England and received M.Sc., D.M.S. Law and PhD degrees. He was the first person to get a Doctorate degree in Economics from abroad.
After returning to India from England he was appointed as Sainik Secretary at Baroda. He left that job due to some discrimination that he faced and moved to Bombay. Then he wanted to start practising law. He was deeply hurt for how Dalits were treated in the society. So he decided to fight against untouchability.
He learned 9 languages like English, Hindi, Sanskrit, Pali, German, Marathi, Gujarati, French and Parisian and studied all the religions of the world for 21years. He was a master in 64 subjects. He is the first person in the world to receive 'doctor of all sciences' doctorate degree from London School of Economics.
Earlier, there was inequality between men and inhuman caste practices against dailt. A great Buddhist monk Mahant Veer Chandramani initiated Ambedkar to Buddhism. Along with 8,50,000 supporters, Ambedkar converted to Buddhism. So the monk called Ambedkar as "modern Buddha of this age". Ambedkar was also given a title 'Bodhisattva' by Buddhist Monks at the 'World Buddhist Council' held in Kathmandu, Nepal. The book 'the buddha and his dharma' written by Ambedkar is considered as the scripture of Indian Buddhists. In 1956 on 6th December, Ambedkar took his last breath in New Delhi. Ambedkar was honoured with India's highest civilian award 'Bharat Ratna' posthumously. Many Colleges and Universities were named after him to honour him.
The great economist Amartya Sen considered Ambedkar as the father of Economics. Ambedkar wrote a book 'Waiting for a visa' which is a textbook for students in Columbia University. He had a collection of 50,000 books in his library which is considered as the worlds largest private library. Ambedkar was considered more intelligent than 500 graduates and thousands of scholars. According to a global survey "The markers of the Universe" made by Oxford University a list of 100 humanist people of last 10,000 years, was taken. In that list, the 4th name was Dr B. R. Ambedkar.
His struggle for the upliftment of weaker sections and his education helped him to work for the Drafting Committee. His vision was to inculcate equality between people irrespective of caste and religion. He also fought against bad practices like child marriages, etc. He studied Constitutions of various countries in the world and gathered good points from them and wrote our Indian Constitution. Earlier, economically backward classes cannot afford higher education. Because of Ambedkar, so many students from backwards classes were able to get an education with less fee. As he fought for the rights of the Backward classes, they treat him as a God. His first statue was built in 1950 in Kolhapur. Though our national flag was designed by Pingali Venkayya, the credits of Ashoka Chakra on the national flag goes to Dr B. R. Ambedkar.
In some of his speeches, Ambedkar shared some of his experience in the society as a Dalit. He used to say that when he was studying in the School, he was made to sit apart from his classmates in a corner. If they were thirsty, someone from the upper caste would pour the water and they used to drink as they were not allowed to touch the water or the vessel. In school, the peon would pour the water. If the peon was not available then they had to go without water. And when he needs to cut his hair, his elder sister used to do it because barbers refused to do it for them. He tried very hard to bring change in the society. As a result of his efforts, Dalits were now granted reservation of seats in educational institutions and government jobs.
Every year Ambedkar Jayanthi is celebrated across the country on 14th April. Leaders pay homage to his statue. Celebrations of Ambedkar Jayanthi at schools include debates, essay writing, painting, cultural activities, sports etc. Across the world number of songs and books were written on Ambedkar. Ambedkar had the highest number of statues across the world. So, not only in India, Ambedkar Jayanthi is celebrated all over the world.
Various Organizations carry out huge processions in memory of Ambedkar. Several activities including cultural activities and rallies are also organized by the people across our country.
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